Understanding the Risk

• • LPG is highly flammable and heavier than air, which means it can accumulate in low-lying areas and ignite with a spark.
• • A leak can cause fires or explosions, especially in enclosed spaces or areas with poor ventilation.

Sprinkler Systems and Their Role

• • Deluge systems may be used to cool tanks and surrounding structures in case of a nearby fire.

Primary Function: Cooling of LPG tank surfaces to prevent pressure build-up and tank rupture.

Secondary Function: Limiting fire spread and protecting nearby equipment or tanks.

System Components

1. Deluge Valves

• o Normally Closed.
• o Open when activated by fire detection (thermal, smoke, or manual).

2. Spray Nozzles or Open Sprinklers

• o Designed to deliver water uniformly over the tank’s surface.
• o Nozzles are positioned to cover all critical tank areas, including the shell, roof, and support structure.

3. Detection System

• o Heat detection (fusible links or thermocouples).
• o Can also be manual activation via control room or local station.

4. Water Supply System

• o High-capacity pumps (diesel/electric).
• o Connected to a reliable water source (firewater tanks or reservoirs).
• o Water pressure and flow rates per NFPA or local codes.

5. Piping Network

• o Galvanized or stainless steel (corrosion-resistant).
• o Looping design preferred for redundancy.